Q：使用范围？

A：该试剂主要是检测动物活细胞内的活性氧水平，对于植物可以在制备原生质体后进行检测使用，该试剂盒不能检测体内的活性氧试剂。

Q：如何稀释？

A：无血清培养基、HBSS或是PBS等缓冲液进行稀释，稀释后不稳定，建议现配现用。

Q：探针颜色？

A：绿色荧光。

Q：.如何避免过高的荧光背景？

A：探针孵育后，一定要洗净残余的未进入细胞内的探针，再检测荧光信号，否则会导致背景较高。

Q：探针一般孵育多长时间？

A：37℃细胞培养箱内避光孵育30min。

Q：可以检测组织吗？

A：该试剂主要是检测动物活细胞内的活性氧水平，因而不能检测组织切片，对于活体组织内的检测没有验证过，尽量参考文献，如果是将活体组织分散成单细胞进行检测并保证细胞的活性也是可以的。

Q：检测仪器？

A：荧光显微镜、共聚焦显微镜、酶标仪、流式细胞仪。

Q：可以检测正常细胞中的活性氧的含量吗？

A：正常细胞中活性氧含量很低，该试剂无法检测正常细胞中活性氧的含量。

Q：我用的是同一支探针，未分装，前 5 次都可以染上颜色，而且荧光信号很好， 这次没有染上颜色？

A：大致有以下3个原因：1.细胞状态不好，导致染色效率低；2.阳性药物诱导时间过短，一般 37℃ 避光孵育 30 min-4 h 可显著看到活性氧水平提高；3.这个探针反复冻融 4 次以上，探针性能会不稳定，染色效率降低，以及荧光信号不稳定（时强时弱、易猝灭）。建议拿到探针后，分装避光保存在-20 C 冰箱中，避免反复冻融。

Q：活性氧检测试剂盒,这个试剂盒，我检测出了荧光值，怎么作图？荧光值和ROS值之间是否有换算公式？

A：是不需要换算成ROS值。横坐标应该就是您实验组和正常组。

Q：平均荧光强度怎么反应ROS水平？

A：实验组平均荧光强度与正常组相比高，而且有显著性差异，就说明活性氧升高。或者您用流式检测的话是用峰图表示。

Q：如果是酶标仪检测，测得的峰值一般怎么进行对比？实验组和对照组的荧光值？是作图吗？

A：实验组平均荧光强度与正常组相比高，而且有显著性差异，就说明活性氧升高。是做统计图，一般为柱状图。

Q：那流式可以又荧光峰值的偏移对吗？

A：是的，流式是用峰值的偏移来表示结果。

[1] Zhang M, Shao W, Yang T, et al. Conscription of Immune Cells by Light-Activatable Silencing NK-Derived Exosome (LASNEO) for Synergetic Tumor Eradication [published online ahead of print, 2022 Jun 4]. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022;e2201135. doi:10.1002/advs.202201135(IF:16.806)

[2] Zhang D, Zhong D, Ouyang J, et al. Microalgae-based oral microcarriers for gut microbiota homeostasis and intestinal protection in cancer radiotherapy. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):1413. Published 2022 Mar 17. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28744-4(IF:14.919)

[3] Jiao D, Wang J, Yu W, et al. Biocompatible reduced graphene oxide stimulated BMSCs induce acceleration of bone remodeling and orthodontic tooth movement through promotion on osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis. Bioact Mater. 2022;15:409-425. Published 2022 Feb 6. doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.021(IF:14.593)

[4] Guo G, Zhang H, Shen H, et al. Space-Selective Chemodynamic Therapy of CuFe₅O₈ Nanocubes for Implant-Related Infections. ACS Nano. 2020;14(10):13391-13405. doi:10.1021/acsnano.0c05255(IF:14.588)

[5] Yang C, Zhu Y, Li D, et al. Red Phosphorus Decorated TiO₂ Nanorod Mediated Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy for Renal Cell Carcinoma. Small. 2021;17(30):e2101837. doi:10.1002/smll.202101837(IF:13.281)

[6] Yu H, Cheng Y, Wen C, Sun YQ, Yin XB. Triple cascade nanocatalyst with laser-activatable O₂ supply and photothermal enhancement for effective catalytic therapy against hypoxic tumor. Biomaterials. 2022;280:121308. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121308(IF:12.479)

[7] Sun D, Zou Y, Song L, et al. A cyclodextrin-based nanoformulation achieves co-delivery of ginsenoside Rg3 and quercetin for chemo-immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2022;12(1):378-393. doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2021.06.005(IF:11.614)

[8] Gao J, Wang Z, Guo Q, et al. Mitochondrion-targeted supramolecular "nano-boat" simultaneously inhibiting dual energy metabolism for tumor selective and synergistic chemo-radiotherapy. Theranostics. 2022;12(3):1286-1302. Published 2022 Jan 1. doi:10.7150/thno.67543(IF:11.556)

[9] Xiong Y, Wang Z, Wang Q, et al. Tumor-specific activatable biopolymer nanoparticles stabilized by hydroxyethyl starch prodrug for self-amplified cooperative cancer therapy. Theranostics. 2022;12(2):944-962. Published 2022 Jan 1. doi:10.7150/thno.67572(IF:11.556)

[10] Zhong D, Li W, Hua S, et al. Calcium phosphate engineered photosynthetic microalgae to combat hypoxic-tumor by in-situ modulating hypoxia and cascade radio-phototherapy. Theranostics. 2021;11(8):3580-3594. Published 2021 Jan 22. doi:10.7150/thno.55441(IF:11.556)

[11] Sun J, Wang L, Yu J, et al. Cytotoxicity of stabilized/solidified municipal solid waste incineration fly ash. J Hazard Mater. 2022;424(Pt A):127369. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127369(IF:10.588)

[12] Pan X, Qi Y, Du Z, et al. Zinc oxide nanosphere for hydrogen sulfide scavenging and ferroptosis of colorectal cancer. J Nanobiotechnology. 2021;19(1):392. Published 2021 Nov 27. doi:10.1186/s12951-021-01069-y(IF:10.435)

[13] Zhu C, Han S, Zeng X, Zhu C, Pu Y, Sun Y. Multifunctional thermo-sensitive hydrogel for modulating the microenvironment in Osteoarthritis by polarizing macrophages and scavenging RONS. J Nanobiotechnology. 2022;20(1):221. Published 2022 May 7. doi:10.1186/s12951-022-01422-9(IF:10.435)

[14] He J, Qiao Y, Zhang H, et al. Gold-silver nanoshells promote wound healing from drug-resistant bacteria infection and enable monitoring via surface-enhanced Raman scattering imaging. Biomaterials. 2020;234:119763. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119763(IF:10.317)

[15] Cheng Q, Yu W, Ye J, et al. Nanotherapeutics interfere with cellular redox homeostasis for highly improved photodynamic therapy. Biomaterials. 2019;224:119500. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119500(IF:10.273)

[16] Zhong D, Zhao J, Li Y, et al. Laser-triggered aggregated cubic α-Fe₂O₃@Au nanocomposites for magnetic resonance imaging and photothermal/enhanced radiation synergistic therapy. Biomaterials. 2019;219:119369. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119369(IF:10.273)

[17] Sun C, Wang L, Xianyu B, Li T, Gao S, Xu H. Selenoxide elimination manipulate the oxidative stress to improve the antitumor efficacy. Biomaterials. 2019;225:119514. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119514(IF:10.273)

[18] Han S, Bi S, Guo T, et al. Nano co-delivery of Plumbagin and Dihydrotanshinone I reverses immunosuppressive TME of liver cancer [published online ahead of print, 2022 Jun 8]. J Control Release. 2022;348:250-263. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.057(IF:9.776)

[19] Lin Y, Yi O, Hu M, et al. Multifunctional nanoparticles of sinomenine hydrochloride for treat-to-target therapy of rheumatoid arthritis via modulation of proinflammatory cytokines [published online ahead of print, 2022 Jun 2]. J Control Release. 2022;348:42-56. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.016(IF:9.776)

[20] Kuang W, Zhang J, Lan Z, et al. SLC22A14 is a mitochondrial riboflavin transporter required for sperm oxidative phosphorylation and male fertility. Cell Rep. 2021;35(3):109025. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109025(IF:9.423)

[21] Ge L, Liu Z, Tian Y. A novel two-photon ratiometric fluorescent probe for imaging and sensing of BACE1 in different regions of AD mouse brain. Chem Sci. 2020;11(8):2215-2224. Published 2020 Jan 13. doi:10.1039/c9sc05256a(IF:9.346)

[22] Yang W, Zhang J, Xu B, et al. HucMSC-Derived Exosomes Mitigate the Age-Related Retardation of Fertility in Female Mice. Mol Ther. 2020;28(4):1200-1213. doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.02.003(IF:8.986)

[23] Zhang M, Weng Y, Cao Z, et al. ROS-Activatable siRNA-Engineered Polyplex for NIR-Triggered Synergistic Cancer Treatment. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020;12(29):32289-32300. doi:10.1021/acsami.0c06614(IF:8.758)

[24] Dai J, Xu M, Wang Q, et al. Cooperation therapy between anti-growth by photodynamic-AIEgens and anti-metastasis by small molecule inhibitors in ovarian cancer. Theranostics. 2020;10(5):2385-2398. Published 2020 Jan 16. doi:10.7150/thno.41708(IF:8.579)

[25] Wu Q, Li L, Miao C, et al. Osteopontin promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression through inducing JAK2/STAT3/NOX1-mediated ROS production. Cell Death Dis. 2022;13(4):341. Published 2022 Apr 13. doi:10.1038/s41419-022-04806-9(IF:8.469)

[26] Chen X, Pan Z, Fang Z, et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid attenuates traumatic brain injury-induced neuronal apoptosis by inducing autophagy through the upregulation of SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of Beclin-1. J Neuroinflammation. 2018;15(1):310. Published 2018 Nov 8. doi:10.1186/s12974-018-1345-8(IF:8.322)

[27] Guo Q, Yang Y, Zhao L, et al. Graphene oxide toxicity in W¹¹¹⁸ flies. Sci Total Environ. 2022;805:150302. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150302(IF:7.963)

[28] Ou T, Yang W, Li W, et al. SIRT5 deficiency enhances the proliferative and therapeutic capacities of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via metabolic switching. Clin Transl Med. 2020;10(5):e172. doi:10.1002/ctm2.172(IF:7.919)

[29] Zhong Y, Zhang X, Yang L, et al. Hierarchical dual-responsive cleavable nanosystem for synergetic photodynamic/photothermal therapy against melanoma. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2021;131:112524. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2021.112524(IF:7.328)

[30] Fan J, Liu B, Long Y, et al. Sequentially-targeted biomimetic nano drug system for triple-negative breast cancer ablation and lung metastasis inhibition. Acta Biomater. 2020;113:554-569. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2020.06.025(IF:7.242)

[31] Han YQ, Ming SL, Wu HT, et al. Myostatin knockout induces apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells via elevated reactive oxygen species generation. Redox Biol. 2018;19:412-428. doi:10.1016/j.redox.2018.09.009(IF:7.126)

[32] Liu JZ, Hu YL, Feng Y, et al. BDH2 triggers ROS-induced cell death and autophagy by promoting Nrf2 ubiquitination in gastric cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2020;39(1):123. Published 2020 Jun 30. doi:10.1186/s13046-020-01620-z(IF:7.068)

[33] Ji Y, Sun Y, Hei M, et al. NIR Activated Upper Critical Solution Temperature Polymeric Micelles for Trimodal Combinational Cancer Therapy. Biomacromolecules. 2022;23(3):937-947. doi:10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01356(IF:6.988)

[34] Zhuang Y , Li L , Feng L , et al. Mitochondrion-targeted selenium nanoparticles enhance reactive oxygen species-mediated cell death. Nanoscale. 2020;12(3):1389-1396. doi:10.1039/c9nr09039h(IF:6.970)

[35] Jiang D, Xu M, Pei Y, et al. Core-matched nanoassemblies for targeted co-delivery of chemotherapy and photosensitizer to treat drug-resistant cancer. Acta Biomater. 2019;88:406-421. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2019.02.009(IF:6.638)

[36] Zhang C, Lin S, Li T, et al. Mechanical force-mediated pathological cartilage thinning is regulated by necroptosis and apoptosis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2017;25(8):1324-1334. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2017.03.018(IF:6.576)

[37] Liu W, Guan Y, Qiao S, et al. Antiaging Effects of Vicatia thibetica de Boiss Root Extract on Caenorhabditis elegans and Doxorubicin-Induced Premature Aging in Adult Mice. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021;2021:9942090. Published 2021 Aug 6. doi:10.1155/2021/9942090(IF:6.543)

[38] Liao L, Gong L, Zhou M, Xue X, Li Y, Peng C. Leonurine Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Insufficient Angiogenesis by Regulating the PI3K/Akt-eNOS Signaling Pathway in H₂O₂-Induced HUVECs. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021;2021:9919466. Published 2021 Aug 3. doi:10.1155/2021/9919466(IF:6.543)

[39] Yao H, Xie Q, He Q, et al. Pretreatment with Panaxatriol Saponin Attenuates Mitochondrial Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress to Facilitate Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the Regulation of Keap1/Nrf2 Activity. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022;2022:9626703. Published 2022 May 27. doi:10.1155/2022/9626703(IF:6.543)

[40] Zhou M, Zhao X, Liao L, et al. Forsythiaside A Regulates Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells by Inhibiting NOX4-Dependent ROS. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022;2022:9938392. Published 2022 Jan 5. doi:10.1155/2022/9938392(IF:6.543)

[41] Tang XL, Wu J, Lin BL, et al. Near-infrared light-activated red-emitting upconverting nanoplatform for T₁-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and photodynamic therapy. Acta Biomater. 2018;74:360-373. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.017(IF:6.383)

[42] Long Y, Wang Z, Fan J, et al. A hybrid membrane coating nanodrug system against gastric cancer via the VEGFR2/STAT3 signaling pathway. J Mater Chem B. 2021;9(18):3838-3855. doi:10.1039/d1tb00029b(IF:6.331)

[43] Ou Y, Yan M, Gao G, Wang W, Lu Q, Chen J. Cinnamaldehyde protects against ligature-induced periodontitis through the inhibition of microbial accumulation and inflammatory responses of host immune cells [published online ahead of print, 2022 Jul 6]. Food Funct. 2022;10.1039/d2fo00963c. doi:10.1039/d2fo00963c(IF:6.317)

[44] Zhou R, Xia M, Zhang L, et al. Individual and combined effects of BPA, BPS and BPAF on the cardiomyocyte differentiation of embryonic stem cells. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021;220:112366. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112366(IF:6.291)

[45] Zhou R, Xia M, Zhang L, et al. Fine particles in surgical smoke affect embryonic cardiomyocyte differentiation through oxidative stress and mitophagy. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021;217:112259. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112259(IF:6.291)

[46] Li T, Zhou J, Wang L, et al. Photo-Fenton-like Metal-Protein Self-Assemblies as Multifunctional Tumor Theranostic Agent. Adv Healthc Mater. 2019;8(15):e1900192. doi:10.1002/adhm.201900192(IF:6.270)

[47] Yi X, Dai J, Han Y, et al. A high therapeutic efficacy of polymeric prodrug nano-assembly for a combination of photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. Commun Biol. 2018;1:202. Published 2018 Nov 21. doi:10.1038/s42003-018-0204-6(IF:6.268)

[48] Li Q, Tan Q, Ma Y, Gu Z, Chen S. Myricetin Suppresses Ovarian Cancer In Vitro by Activating the p38/Sapla Signaling Pathway and Suppressing Intracellular Oxidative Stress. Front Oncol. 2022;12:903394. Published 2022 May 11. doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.903394(IF:6.244)

[49] Wang P, Jin JM, Liang XH, et al. Helichrysetin inhibits gastric cancer growth by targeting c-Myc/PDHK1 axis-mediated energy metabolism reprogramming. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022;43(6):1581-1593. doi:10.1038/s41401-021-00750-0(IF:6.150)

[50] Lyu X, Sun C, Zhang J, et al. Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis of Nitrogen System Regulation on Soybean Plant Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(5):2545. Published 2022 Feb 25. doi:10.3390/ijms23052545(IF:5.924)

[51] Han L, Wu Y, Liu F, Zhang H. eIF4A1 Inhibitor Suppresses Hyperactive mTOR-Associated Tumors by Inducing Necroptosis and G2/M Arrest. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(13):6932. Published 2022 Jun 22. doi:10.3390/ijms23136932(IF:5.924)

[52] Tao Y, Qiao SM, Lv CJ, et al. Phytoestrogen arctigenin preserves the mucus barrier in inflammatory bowel diseases by inhibiting goblet cell apoptosis via the ERβ/TRIM21/PHB1 pathway [published online ahead of print, 2022 May 22]. Phytother Res. 2022;10.1002/ptr.7495. doi:10.1002/ptr.7495(IF:5.882)

[53] Liao L, Zhou M, Wang J, et al. Identification of the Antithrombotic Mechanism of Leonurine in Adrenalin Hydrochloride-Induced Thrombosis in Zebrafish via Regulating Oxidative Stress and Coagulation Cascade. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:742954. Published 2021 Nov 4. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.742954(IF:5.811)

[54] Li S, Jin H, Sun G, et al. Dietary Inorganic Nitrate Protects Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through NRF2-Mediated Antioxidative Stress. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:634115. Published 2021 Jun 7. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.634115(IF:5.811)

[55] Pan B, Zheng L, Fang J, et al. Azilsartan Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis and Ameliorates Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis by Inhibiting Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Activating Nrf2 Signaling. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:774709. Published 2021 Nov 26. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.774709(IF:5.811)

[56] Gong L, Yu L, Gong X, et al. Exploration of anti-inflammatory mechanism of forsythiaside A and forsythiaside B in CuSO₄-induced inflammation in zebrafish by metabolomic and proteomic analyses. J Neuroinflammation. 2020;17(1):173. Published 2020 Jun 3. doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01855-9(IF:5.793)

[57] Chen X, Wang H, Zhou M, et al. Valproic Acid Attenuates Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Inflammation in Vivo: Involvement of Autophagy and the Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway. Front Mol Neurosci. 2018;11:117. Published 2018 Apr 17. doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00117(IF:5.639)

[58] Sun G, Wang T, Li X, et al. Sub-Micrometer Au@PDA-¹²⁵ I Particles as Theranostic Embolism Beads for Radiosensitization and SPECT/CT Monitoring. Adv Healthc Mater. 2018;7(16):e1800375. doi:10.1002/adhm.201800375(IF:5.609)

[59] Liu X, Ma Y, Luo L, et al. Dihydroquercetin suppresses cigarette smoke induced ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by activating Nrf2-mediated pathway. Phytomedicine. 2022;96:153894. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153894(IF:5.340)

[60] Jiang M, Xie H, Zhang C, et al. Enhancing fractalkine/CX3CR1 signalling pathway can reduce neuroinflammation by attenuating microglia activation in experimental diabetic retinopathy. J Cell Mol Med. 2022;26(4):1229-1244. doi:10.1111/jcmm.17179(IF:5.310)

[61] Fan Z, Yang G, Zhang W, et al. Hypoxia blocks ferroptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma via suppression of METTL14 triggered YTHDF2-dependent silencing of SLC7A11. J Cell Mol Med. 2021;25(21):10197-10212. doi:10.1111/jcmm.16957(IF:5.310)

[62] Mamat M, Wang X, Wu L, et al. CaO₂/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites for oxygen-independent generation of radicals and cancer therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2021;204:111803. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111803(IF:5.268)

[63] Wo L, Zhang X, Ma C, et al. LncRNA HABON promoted liver cancer cells survival under hypoxia by inhibiting mPTP opening. Cell Death Discov. 2022;8(1):171. Published 2022 Apr 6. doi:10.1038/s41420-022-00917-6(IF:5.241)

[64] Yang Y, Lin Z, Han Z, et al. miR-539 activates the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway to promote ferropotosis in colorectal cancer by directly targeting TIPE. Cell Death Discov. 2021;7(1):272. Published 2021 Oct 2. doi:10.1038/s41420-021-00659-x(IF:5.241)

[65] Wu WB, Menon R, Xu YY, et al. Downregulation of peroxiredoxin-3 by hydrophobic bile acid induces mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence in human trophoblasts. Sci Rep. 2016;6:38946. Published 2016 Dec 13. doi:10.1038/srep38946(IF:5.228)

[66] Liu L, Sun X, Guo Y, Ge K. Evodiamine induces ROS-Dependent cytotoxicity in human gastric cancer cells via TRPV1/Ca²⁺ pathway. Chem Biol Interact. 2022;351:109756. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109756(IF:5.194)

[67] Cheng L, Ge M, Lan Z, et al. Zoledronate dysregulates fatty acid metabolism in renal tubular epithelial cells to induce nephrotoxicity. Arch Toxicol. 2018;92(1):469-485. doi:10.1007/s00204-017-2048-0(IF:5.153)

[68] Wang C, Hu J, Chen Z, et al. Reversibility of hAT-MSCs phenotypic and metabolic changes after exposure to and withdrawal from HCC-conditioned medium through regulation of the ROS/MAPK/HIF-1α signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020;11(1):506. Published 2020 Nov 27. doi:10.1186/s13287-020-02010-0(IF:5.116)

[69] Fan C, Feng J, Tang C, et al. Melatonin suppresses ER stress-dependent proapoptotic effects via AMPK in bone mesenchymal stem cells during mitochondrial oxidative damage. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020;11(1):442. Published 2020 Oct 15. doi:10.1186/s13287-020-01948-5(IF:5.116)

[70] Liu YQ, Xue SM, Zhang P, et al. Silica Nanoparticles Disturb Ion Channels and Transmembrane Potentials of Cardiomyocytes and Induce Lethal Arrhythmias in Mice. Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:7397-7413. Published 2020 Oct 5. doi:10.2147/IJN.S261692(IF:5.115)

[71] Wang K, Ye L, Lu H, et al. TNF-α promotes extracellular vesicle release in mouse astrocytes through glutaminase. J Neuroinflammation. 2017;14(1):87. Published 2017 Apr 20. doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0853-2(IF:5.102)

[72] Li Y, Zhai P, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Kellum JA, Peng Z. Csf2 Attenuated Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Promoting Alternative Macrophage Transition. Front Immunol. 2020;11:1415. Published 2020 Jul 7. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01415(IF:5.085)

[73] Wang D, Li Y, Liu Y, et al. NPM1 promotes cell proliferation by targeting PRDX6 in colorectal cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2022;147:106233. doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106233(IF:5.085)

[74] Tang B, Zhu J, Zhang B, et al. Therapeutic Potential of Triptolide as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Murine Experimental Colitis. Front Immunol. 2020;11:592084. Published 2020 Nov 9. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.592084(IF:5.085)

[75] Cui H, Jiang M, Zhou W, et al. Carrier-Free Cellular Transport of CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein for Genome Editing by Cold Atmospheric Plasma. Biology (Basel). 2021;10(10):1038. Published 2021 Oct 13. doi:10.3390/biology10101038(IF:5.079)

[76] Cheng QQ, Wan YW, Yang WM, et al. Gastrodin protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes against oxidative injury by ameliorating imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial dysfunction. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2020;41(10):1314-1327. doi:10.1038/s41401-020-0382-x(IF:5.064)

[77] Ma Y, Luo L, Liu X, et al. Pirfenidone mediates cigarette smoke extract induced inflammation and oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol. 2021;96:107593. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107593(IF:4.932)

[78] Ma Y, Liang X, Li C, et al. 5-HT_2A Receptor and 5-HT Degradation Play a Crucial Role in Atherosclerosis by Modulating Macrophage Foam Cell Formation, Vascular Endothelial Cell Inflammation, and Hepatic Steatosis. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2022;29(3):322-336. doi:10.5551/jat.58305(IF:4.928)

[79] Bi S, Ma X, Wang Y, et al. Protective Effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on Oxidative Damage Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Chicken Splenic Lymphocytes. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019;2019:8465030. Published 2019 Apr 18. doi:10.1155/2019/8465030(IF:4.868)

[80] Jiang C, Yang W, Wang C, et al. Methylene Blue-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Induces Macrophage Apoptosis via ROS and Reduces Bone Resorption in Periodontitis. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019;2019:1529520. Published 2019 Aug 14. doi:10.1155/2019/1529520(IF:4.868)

[81] Li D, Fan Y, Shen M, Bányai I, Shi X. Design of dual drug-loaded dendrimer/carbon dot nanohybrids for fluorescence imaging and enhanced chemotherapy of cancer cells. J Mater Chem B. 2019;7(2):277-285. doi:10.1039/c8tb02723d(IF:4.776)

[82] Xu J, Xie G, Yang W, Wang W, Zuo Z, Wang W. Platelet-rich plasma attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration via delivering miR-141-3p-containing exosomes. Cell Cycle. 2021;20(15):1487-1499. doi:10.1080/15384101.2021.1949839(IF:4.534)

[83] Li C, Wang Q, Gu X, et al. Porous Se@SiO₂ nanocomposite promotes migration and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell to accelerate bone fracture healing in a rat model. Int J Nanomedicine. 2019;14:3845-3860. Published 2019 May 24. doi:10.2147/IJN.S202741(IF:4.471)

[84] Lin CX, Gu JL, Cao JM. The acute toxic effects of platinum nanoparticles on ion channels, transmembrane potentials of cardiomyocytes in vitro and heart rhythm in vivo in mice. Int J Nanomedicine. 2019;14:5595-5609. Published 2019 Jul 22. doi:10.2147/IJN.S209135(IF:4.471)

[85] Li Y, Shen Y, Lin D, et al. Neutrophils and IL17A mediate flagellar hook protein FlgE-induced mouse acute lung inflammation. Cell Microbiol. 2019;21(3):e12975. doi:10.1111/cmi.12975(IF:4.410)

[86] Li T, Ling Z, Xie K, et al. The COL-4A1 polypeptide destroy endothelial cells through the TGF-β/PI3K/AKT pathway. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):15761. Published 2021 Aug 3. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-94801-5(IF:4.380)

[87] Li Y, Li W, Xie Z, Xu H, He ZG. MpbR, an essential transcriptional factor for Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival in the host, modulates PIM biosynthesis and reduces innate immune responses. J Genet Genomics. 2019;46(12):575-589. doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2019.12.002(IF:4.275)

[88] Guo Y, Sun J, Li T, et al. Melatonin ameliorates restraint stress-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in testicular cells via NF-κB/iNOS and Nrf2/ HO-1 signaling pathway. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):9599. Published 2017 Aug 29. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09943-2(IF:4.259)

[89] Yang C, Yan Z, Hu F, Wei W, Sun Z, Xu W. Silencing of microRNA-517a induces oxidative stress injury in melanoma cells via inactivation of the JNK signaling pathway by upregulating CDKN1C. Cancer Cell Int. 2020;20:32. Published 2020 Jan 29. doi:10.1186/s12935-019-1064-y(IF:4.175)

[90] Yang X, Wen Y, Wu A, et al. Polyglycerol mediated covalent construction of magnetic mesoporous silica nanohybrid with aqueous dispersibility for drug delivery. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2017;80:517-525. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2017.06.022(IF:4.164)

[91] Cui XX, Yang X, Wang HJ, et al. Luteolin-7-O-Glucoside Present in Lettuce Extracts Inhibits Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Production and Viral Replication by Human Hepatoma Cells in Vitro. Front Microbiol. 2017;8:2425. Published 2017 Dec 6. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02425(IF:4.076)

[92] Zhao J, Niu X, Yu J, et al. Poria cocos polysaccharides attenuated ox-LDL-induced inflammation and oxidative stress via ERK activated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibited foam cell formation in VSMCs. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020;80:106173. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106173(IF:3.943)

[93] Zhao Y, Liu H, Xi X, Chen S, Liu D. TRIM16 protects human periodontal ligament stem cells from oxidative stress-induced damage via activation of PICOT. Exp Cell Res. 2020;397(1):112336. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112336(IF:3.905)

[94] Sun Q, Zhang Y, Wang S, et al. LncRNA HOTAIR promotes α-synuclein aggregation and apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells by regulating miR-221-3p in Parkinson's disease. Exp Cell Res. 2022;417(1):113132. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113132(IF:3.905)

[95] Li MT, Pi XX, Cai XL, et al. Ferredoxin reductase regulates proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle and lipogenesis but not apoptosis in SZ95 sebocytes. Exp Cell Res. 2021;405(2):112680. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112680(IF:3.905)

[96] Xiao Y, Zhang Y, Chen Y, et al. Inhibition of MicroRNA-9-5p Protects Against Cardiac Remodeling Following Myocardial Infarction in Mice. Hum Gene Ther. 2019;30(3):286-301. doi:10.1089/hum.2018.059(IF:3.855)

[97] Luo M, Liu Y, Liu N, et al. Proscillaridin A inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression through inducing mitochondrial damage and autophagy. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2021;53(1):19-28. doi:10.1093/abbs/gmaa139(IF:3.848)

[98] Li H, Wang P, Huang F, et al. Astragaloside IV protects blood-brain barrier integrity from LPS-induced disruption via activating Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathway in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2018;340:58-66. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2017.12.019(IF:3.791)

[99] Zhao X, Gong L, Wang C, et al. Quercetin mitigates ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis in zebrafish via P2X7R-mediated PI3K/ Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021;268:113569. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.113569(IF:3.690)

[100] Xiao Y, Zhu W, He M, Nie H, Chen W, Huang Q. High c-di-GMP promotes expression of fpr-1 and katE involved in oxidative stress resistance in Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019;103(21-22):9077-9089. doi:10.1007/s00253-019-10178-6(IF:3.670)

[101] Jiao D, Wang J, Yu W, Zhang N, Zhang K, Bai Y. Gelatin reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets as Kartogenin Nanocarrier Induces Rat ADSCs Chondrogenic Differentiation Combining with Autophagy Modification. Materials (Basel). 2021;14(5):1053. Published 2021 Feb 24. doi:10.3390/ma14051053(IF:3.623)

[102] Qin M, Li Q, Wang Y, et al. Rutin treats myocardial damage caused by pirarubicin via regulating miR-22-5p-regulated RAP1/ERK signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2021;35(1):e22615. doi:10.1002/jbt.22615(IF:3.606)

[103] Wang H, Dong J, Li G, et al. The small protein MafG plays a critical role in MC3T3-E1 cell apoptosis induced by simulated microgravity and radiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2021;555:175-181. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.133(IF:3.575)

[104] Guo A, Li K, Xiao Q. Fibroblast growth factor 19 alleviates palmitic acid-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress via the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in skeletal muscle. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020;526(4):1069-1076. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.002(IF:3.575)

[105] Zhou Z, Xie J, Ma S, et al. Construction of Smart Nanotheranostic Platform Bi-Ag@PVP: Multimodal CT/PA Imaging-Guided PDT/PTT for Cancer Therapy. ACS Omega. 2021;6(16):10723-10734. Published 2021 Apr 14. doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c00225(IF:3.512)

[106] Yu Y, Feng Z, Liu J, et al. γ-Ray-Triggered Drug Release of Reactive Oxygen Species-Sensitive Nanomedicine for Enhanced Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy. ACS Omega. 2021;6(30):19445-19457. Published 2021 Jul 22. doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c01500(IF:3.512)

[107] Xu F, Liu M, Li X, et al. Loading of Indocyanine Green within Polydopamine-Coated Laponite Nanodisks for Targeted Cancer Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2018;8(5):347. Published 2018 May 19. doi:10.3390/nano8050347(IF:3.504)

[108] Zhang W, Dun Y, You B, et al. Trimetazidine and exercise offer analogous improvements to the skeletal muscle insulin resistance of mice through Nrf2 signaling. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2022;10(2):e002699. doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002699(IF:3.388)

[109] Guo W, Zhang X, Lin L, et al. The disulfiram/copper complex induces apoptosis and inhibits tumour growth in human osteosarcoma by activating the ROS/JNK signalling pathway. J Biochem. 2021;170(2):275-287. doi:10.1093/jb/mvab045(IF:3.387)

[110] Ji D, Zheng W, Huang P, et al. Huaier Restrains Cholangiocarcinoma Progression in vitro and in vivo Through Modulating lncRNA TP73-AS1 and Inducing Oxidative Stress. Onco Targets Ther. 2020;13:7819-7837. Published 2020 Aug 6. doi:10.2147/OTT.S257738(IF:3.337)

[111] Zhou J, Ding J, Ma X, et al. The NRF2/KEAP1 Pathway Modulates Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Radiosensitivity via ROS Elimination. Onco Targets Ther. 2020;13:9113-9122. Published 2020 Sep 11. doi:10.2147/OTT.S260169(IF:3.337)

[112] Sun B, Jia Y, Yang S, et al. Sodium butyrate protects against high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress in rat liver by promoting expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2. Br J Nutr. 2019;122(4):400-410. doi:10.1017/S0007114519001399(IF:3.319)

[113] Shen YJ, Cao J, Sun F, et al. Effect of photodynamic therapy with (17R,18R)-2-(1-hexyloxyethyl)-2-devinyl chlorine E6 trisodium salt on pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(46):5246-5258. doi:10.3748/wjg.v24.i46.5246(IF:3.300)

[114] Yan L, Li L, Lei J. Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 12/microRNA-138-5p/nuclear factor I/B regulates neuronal apoptosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease. Bioengineered. 2021;12(2):12867-12879. doi:10.1080/21655979.2021.2005928(IF:3.269)

[115] Liu T, Ma Q, Li W, Hu Y, Yang J, Yao Q. Ubiquilin 1 suppresses the cancer stem cell-like traits of non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating reactive oxygen species homeostasis. Bioengineered. 2021;12(1):7143-7155. doi:10.1080/21655979.2021.1979353(IF:3.269)

[116] Li H, Zhu X, Hu L, Li Q, Ma J, Yan J. Loss of exosomal MALAT1 from ox-LDL-treated vascular endothelial cells induces maturation of dendritic cells in atherosclerosis development [retracted in:  Cell Cycle. 2022 Apr;21(7):760]. Cell Cycle. 2019;18(18):2255-2267. doi:10.1080/15384101.2019.1642068(IF:3.259)

[117] Wu T, Tong M, Chu A, Wu K, Niu X, Zhang Z. PM2.5-Induced Programmed Myocardial Cell Death via mPTP Opening Results in Deteriorated Cardiac Function in HFpEF Mice. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2022;22(8):746-762. doi:10.1007/s12012-022-09753-7(IF:3.239)

[118] Nie K, Cai M. SNAT2/SLC38A2 Confers the Stemness of Gastric Cancer Cells via Regulating Glutamine Level. Dig Dis Sci. 2022;67(7):2948-2956. doi:10.1007/s10620-021-07110-2(IF:3.199)

[119] Yin F, Zhu Y, Zhang M, Yu H, Chen W, Qin J. A 3D human placenta-on-a-chip model to probe nanoparticle exposure at the placental barrier. Toxicol In Vitro. 2019;54:105-113. doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2018.08.014(IF:3.105)

[120] Li T, Xu Y, Liu L, et al. Brucella Melitensis 16M Regulates the Effect of AIR Domain on Inflammatory Factors, Autophagy, and Apoptosis in Mouse Macrophage through the ROS Signaling Pathway. PLoS One. 2016;11(12):e0167486. Published 2016 Dec 1. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0167486(IF:3.057)

[121] Wu K, Luan G, Xu Y, et al. Cigarette smoke extract increases mitochondrial membrane permeability through activation of adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) in lung epithelial cells [published correction appears in Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Dec 17;533(4):1527-1528]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020;525(3):733-739. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.160(IF:2.985)

[122] Yan C, Zhang L, Lu B, et al. Trans, trans-2,4-decadienal (tt-DDE), a composition of cooking oil fumes, induces oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in human corneal epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2020;68:104933. doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104933(IF:2.959)

[123] Zou D, Li Q, Pan W, Chen P, Sun M, Bao X. A novel non‑selective atypical PKC agonist could protect neuronal cell line from Aβ‑oligomer induced toxicity by suppressing Aβ generation. Mol Med Rep. 2022;25(5):153. doi:10.3892/mmr.2022.12669(IF:2.952)

[124] Zhang Y, Li Q, Xu D, et al. Idarubicin-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes: An in vitro molecular approach. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2021;40(12_suppl):S553-S562. doi:10.1177/09603271211033774(IF:2.903)

[125] Zhang F, Tang B, Zhang Z, Xu D, Ma G. DUSP6 Inhibitor (E/Z)-BCI Hydrochloride Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Murine Macrophage Cells via Activating the Nrf2 Signaling Axis and Inhibiting the NF-κB Pathway. Inflammation. 2019;42(2):672-681. doi:10.1007/s10753-018-0924-2(IF:2.884)

[126] Kong X, Xu W, Chen N, Li Y, Shen Y, Wu X. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus F-like protein Bm14 is a factor for viral-induced cytopathic effects via regulating oxidative phosphorylation and cellular ROS levels. Virology. 2021;552:83-93. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2020.10.001(IF:2.819)

[127] Sun WX, Han HW, Yang MK, et al. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzoylacrylic acid shikonin ester derivatives as irreversible dual inhibitors of tubulin and EGFR. Bioorg Med Chem. 2019;27(23):115153. doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115153(IF:2.802)

[128] Sun WX, Han HW, Yang MK, et al. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzoylacrylic acid shikonin ester derivatives as irreversible dual inhibitors of tubulin and EGFR. Bioorg Med Chem. 2019;27(23):115153. doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115153(IF:2.802)

[129] Wang N, Zeng GZ, Yin JL, Bian ZX. Artesunate activates the ATF4-CHOP-CHAC1 pathway and affects ferroptosis in Burkitt's Lymphoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019;519(3):533-539. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.023(IF:2.705)

[130] Wang J, Du C, Xu L. Circ_0081572 inhibits the progression of periodontitis through regulating the miR-378h/RORA axis. Arch Oral Biol. 2021;124:105053. doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105053(IF:2.635)

[131] Zhu D, Chen C, Xia Y, Kong LY, Luo J. A Purified Resin Glycoside Fraction from Pharbitidis Semen Induces Paraptosis by Activating Chloride Intracellular Channel-1 in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Integr Cancer Ther. 2019;18:1534735418822120. doi:10.1177/1534735418822120(IF:2.634)

[132] Gong F, Gu J, Wang H. Up regulated Tmbim1 activation promotes high fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiomyopathy by enhancement of inflammation and oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;504(4):797-804. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.059(IF:2.559)

[133] Li C, Liu Q, Xie L. Suppressing NLRP2 expression accelerates hepatic steatosis: A mechanism involving inflammation and oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;507(1-4):22-29. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.132(IF:2.559)

[134] Yang Y, Zheng K, Mei W, et al. Anti-inflammatory and proresolution activities of bergapten isolated from the roots of Ficus hirta in an in vivo zebrafish model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;496(2):763-769. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.071(IF:2.559)

[135] Dai J, Li C, Zhao L, et al. Scutellarin protects the kidney from ischemia/reperfusion injury by targeting Nrf2. Nephrology (Carlton). 2022;27(8):690-700. doi:10.1111/nep.14069(IF:2.506)

[136] Wu X, Jiang L, Zhang Z, et al. Pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis is induced by a proteoglycan extracted from Ganoderma lucidum. Oncol Lett. 2021;21(1):34. doi:10.3892/ol.2020.12295(IF:2.311)

[137] Liu XD, Li YG, Wang GY, et al. Metformin protects high glucose‑cultured cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress by promoting NDUFA13 expression and mitochondrial biogenesis via the AMPK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep. 2020;22(6):5262-5270. doi:10.3892/mmr.2020.11599(IF:2.100)

[138] Yang Y, Chen S, Tao L, et al. Inhibitory Effects of Oxymatrine on Transdifferentiation of Neonatal Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts to Myofibroblasts Induced by Aldosterone via Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways In Vitro. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:5375-5388. Published 2019 Jul 20. doi:10.12659/MSM.915542(IF:1.980)

[139] Yu C, Wang W, Jin X. Hirudin Protects Ang II-Induced Myocardial Fibroblasts Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) Pathway. Med Sci Monit. 2018;24:6264-6272. Published 2018 Sep 8. doi:10.12659/MSM.909044(IF:1.894)

[140] Yuan S, Pan Y, Zhang Z, et al. Amelioration of the Lipogenesis, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis of Hepatocytes by a Novel Proteoglycan from Ganoderma lucidum. Biol Pharm Bull. 2020;43(10):1542-1550. doi:10.1248/bpb.b20-00358(IF:1.863)

[141] Guo J, Shi R, Cao Y, et al. Genotoxic effects of imidacloprid in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2020;43(2):208-212. doi:10.1080/01480545.2018.1497048(IF:1.531)

[142] Liu J, Li Y, Mei C, et al. Phytic acid exerts protective effects in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating the anti-oxidative protein sestrin2. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2020;84(7):1401-1408. doi:10.1080/09168451.2020.1754158(IF:1.516)

[143] Wang W, Jin Y, Zeng N, Ruan Q, Qian F. SOD2 Facilitates the Antiviral Innate Immune Response by Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species. Viral Immunol. 2017;30(8):582-589. doi:10.1089/vim.2017.0043(IF:1.432)

[144] Xing S, Zhang L, Lin H, et al. Lactose induced redox-dependent senescence and activated Nrf2 pathway. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2019;12(6):2034-2045. Published 2019 Jun 1. (IF:0.205)

[145]Huimin Lin, Qing Xu, Fang Zhang, et al. Self-assembled carrier-free nanomedicine suppresses tumor stemness to overcome the acquired drug-resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2023. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2023.145555. IF=15.1

[146]Yajie Guan, Manlin Xu, Zhe Zhang, et al. Maternal circadian disruption before pregnancy impairs the ovarian function of female offspring in mice[J]. Science of the Total Environment. 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161161. IF=10.753