PMA即Phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate，一种佛波酯，二酰基甘油(DG)的一种类似物，可通过与蛋白激酶C (PKC)的C1区结合而使后者激活，产生类似于“双信使系统”的级联反应，信号通路研究中，可与PHA/Ionomycin联合使用刺激细胞产生细胞因子，以及与蛋白转运抑制剂如Monensin和Brefeldin A连用研究细胞因子在细胞内的滞留等。
PMA还可作为一种肿瘤促进剂用于体内外肿瘤研究。用高浓度的PMA处理细胞并延长处理时间，可下调细胞总PKC活性以及引起细胞的癌化，而低浓度的PMA则具有保护性作用。PMA可促进造血细胞分化。此外，PMA还可抗人白血病和嗜中性粒细胞减少症。PMA的水溶性是phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (TLC)的10倍，因此更适合于细胞基础类研究。
本品为粉末，使用时请根据实验需要稀释成工作液，推荐使用浓度为0.1-10 μM，最常见的使用浓度为1 μM，但具体的最佳工作浓度还需参考相关文献，或根据实验目的，以及所培养的特定细胞和组织，通过实验进行摸索和优化。
使用说明
【可参考文献，客户使用本产品发表的科研文献（部分）】
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-25~-15℃避光保存，有效期3年。
[1] Li D, Ma H, Shu Q, et al. Arsenite inhibits M2a polarization of macrophages through downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma [published online ahead of print, 2022 Jun 28]. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022;450:116142. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2022.116142(IF:4.460)
[2] Sang L, Wu X, Yan T, et al. The m6A RNA methyltransferase METTL3/METTL14 promotes leukemogenesis through the mdm2/p53 pathway in acute myeloid leukemia. J Cancer. 2022;13(3):1019-1030. Published 2022 Jan 4. doi:10.7150/jca.60381(IF:4.207)
[3] Zhang Y, Yang S, Zhang M, et al. Glycyrrhetinic Acid Improves Insulin-Response Pathway by Regulating the Balance between the Ras/MAPK and PI3K/Akt Pathways. Nutrients. 2019;11(3):604. Published 2019 Mar 12. doi:10.3390/nu11030604(IF:4.171)
[4] Dai YD, Sun XY, Sun W, et al. H2O2-responsive polymeric micelles with a benzil moiety for efficient DOX delivery and AIE imaging. Org Biomol Chem. 2019;17(22):5570-5577. doi:10.1039/c9ob00859d(IF:3.490)
[5] Zhao M, Duan N, Wang Y, et al. CD5+ B lymphocytes secrete IL-10 rather than TGF-β1 which control the immune response in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia/Evans syndrome. Autoimmunity. 2019;52(1):12-20. doi:10.1080/08916934.2019.1576644(IF:2.403)
